Africa AI Governance Index 2026 · Country profile on AI governance

Country Profile on AI Governance: Liberia

Liberia scores 0.47 out of 4 on the Africa AI Governance Index 2026. It sits in the Nascent tier and ranks 50 of 54 states.

Region
West Africa
Version
1.2 · 7 October 2026
Evidence reference date
30 June 2026
Overview

Liberia at a glance

How to read this profile

Indicator evidence in this factsheet comes from desk research in October 2026. Fellows have not verified it and it did not inform the score.

The Index is diagnostic. It measures formal governance instruments, not capability. Composite differences under about 0.1 are not meaningful.

Country

Population (2024)
5.6 million
Region
West Africa
Regional economic communities
Economic Community of West African States
Geography
Coastal, 1 international submarine cable system in service

Governance status

  • National AI strategy S1.1

    Not determinednot scored

  • Data protection law G2.2

    Draftnot scored

  • AI regulatory body G2.5

    Not determinednot scored

  • Malabo Convention ratification G2.7

    Not signednot scored

  • Kigali Declaration endorsement R7.2

    Endorsednot scored

Headline assessment

Liberia scores 0.47 out of 4 on the Africa AI Governance Index 2026. It sits in the Nascent tier and ranks 50 of 54 states. The eight pillar scores are fellow-assigned values from the Regional Summary. Indicators are not scored individually. The strongest pillar is Regional Integration (0.80). The weakest are Innovation & Ecosystem and Implementation & Impact (0.20 each). The West Africa mean is 1.27. The mean for all 54 states is 1.33.

Strongest pillar
Regional Integration0.80 / 4Nascent
Weakest pillars
Innovation & Ecosystem0.20 / 4NascentImplementation & Impact0.20 / 4Nascent

Indicators scored: Pillar level only (fellow-assigned)

Pillar scores

Pillar scores at a glance

Each pillar is scored from 0 to 4. Liberia's eight pillar scores are fellow-assigned values; indicators are not scored individually.

Bar chart of Liberia's eight pillar scores out of 4, compared with the West Africa mean and the mean of all 54 states. The same figures are listed beside each bar and in the table below.
  • Liberia score
  • West Africa mean
  • All 54 states mean
  1. P1Strategy & Vision
    0.67Nascent

    West Africa: 1.70
    All 54 states: 1.76

  2. P2Governance & Regulation
    0.70Nascent

    West Africa: 1.18
    All 54 states: 1.32

  3. P3Infrastructure & Data
    0.30Nascent

    West Africa: 1.40
    All 54 states: 1.51

  4. P4Human Capital
    0.30Nascent

    West Africa: 1.14
    All 54 states: 1.20

  5. P5Innovation & Ecosystem
    0.20Nascent

    West Africa: 1.04
    All 54 states: 1.05

  6. P6Ethics & Inclusion
    0.50Nascent

    West Africa: 1.21
    All 54 states: 1.26

  7. P7Regional Integration
    0.80Nascent

    West Africa: 1.66
    All 54 states: 1.55

  8. P8Implementation & Impact
    0.20Nascent

    West Africa: 0.63
    All 54 states: 0.78

  9. Composite (weighted)
    0.47Nascent

    West Africa: 1.27
    All 54 states: 1.33

View the pillar scores as a table
Liberia pillar scores on the Africa AI Governance Index 2026
PillarBasisWeightScore (0–4)MaturityWest Africa meanAfrica mean
P1 Strategy & VisionFellow-assigned15%0.67Nascent1.701.76
P2 Governance & RegulationFellow-assigned15%0.70Nascent1.181.32
P3 Infrastructure & DataFellow-assigned15%0.30Nascent1.401.51
P4 Human CapitalFellow-assigned15%0.30Nascent1.141.20
P5 Innovation & EcosystemFellow-assigned10%0.20Nascent1.041.05
P6 Ethics & InclusionFellow-assigned10%0.50Nascent1.211.26
P7 Regional IntegrationFellow-assigned10%0.80Nascent1.661.55
P8 Implementation & ImpactFellow-assigned10%0.20Nascent0.630.78
Composite (weighted)—100%0.47Nascent1.271.33
Country report

What the scores say about Liberia

Liberia scores 0.47 out of 4 on the composite, which places it in the Nascent tier at rank 50 of 54. The eight pillar scores are fellow-assigned values from the Regional Summary, and the indicators are not scored. The composite is below the West Africa mean of 1.27 and the Africa mean of 1.33. Regional Integration is the strongest pillar at 0.80. Innovation and Ecosystem and Implementation and Impact are the weakest at 0.20 each. All eight pillars sit in the Nascent tier. Desk research in October 2026, which did not inform the scores, found no national artificial intelligence strategy, no data protection law and no data protection authority.

P1Strategy & Vision0.67 / 4Nascent

Strategy and Vision scores 0.67 (Nascent), a fellow-assigned value. Desk research in October 2026 left all 10 indicators not determined. It found no national artificial intelligence strategy or policy. A November 2025 commentary, written after a United Nations Development Programme workshop on 'AI in Governance', calls for Liberia to develop one. The MPT's 'Digital Liberia' strategic action plan for 2025 to 2029, dated February 2026, and the September 2025 ICT policy review do not mention the subject in the coverage reviewed (S1.1). The research found no ministerial or presidential statement (S1.3), no budget (S1.4) and no information on alignment with the African Union Continental AI Strategy (S1.5). Consultations in September 2026 concerned a university MSc programme, not a strategy (S1.6).

See the 10 indicators for Strategy & Vision

P2Governance & Regulation0.70 / 4Nascent

Governance and Regulation scores 0.70 (Nascent), a fellow-assigned value. Desk research in October 2026 found that Liberia has no data protection law. On 10 June 2025 the House of Representatives referred the President's personal information bill to its Post and Telecommunication Committee, and no enactment was found (G2.2). The bill would cover personal data of any resident in Liberia, the Economic Community of West African States region or beyond (G2.9). The research confirmed three absences. Liberia has no data protection authority, and so no authority staff or budget (G2.3, G2.4). The African Union status list dated 2 February 2026 records no Malabo Convention signature, ratification or deposit (G2.7). Artificial intelligence legislation and a regulatory body were not determined (G2.1, G2.5).

See the 10 indicators for Governance & Regulation

P3Infrastructure & Data0.30 / 4Nascent

Infrastructure and Data scores 0.30 (Nascent), a fellow-assigned value. Desk research in October 2026 found 1 submarine cable landing point, at Monrovia, served by the ACE cable only (I3.3). Section 9(c) of the Central Bank of Liberia E-Payment Regulation provides for local hosting of payment systems, with an exception for offshore hosting (I3.7). Liberia has no national law on transfers, and Article 36 of the Economic Community of West African States Supplementary Act on Personal Data Protection is relied on as a secondary source of law (I3.8). The research confirmed that no hyperscaler region is located in the country (I3.5). The data centre count, international bandwidth and computing capacity for research were not determined (I3.1, I3.4, I3.6).

See the 10 indicators for Infrastructure & Data

P4Human Capital0.30 / 4Nascent

Human Capital scores 0.30 (Nascent), a fellow-assigned value. Desk research in October 2026 found evidence on 2 of the 10 indicators. The CSET Country Activity Tracker, via Our World in Data, counts 6 artificial intelligence scholarly publications for Liberia in 2024 and 3 in 2023 (H4.4). None of Liberia's main indigenous languages, and not Liberian Kreyol, appears in Meta NLLB-200 or the Google Translate list checked (H4.10). The other 8 indicators were not determined. A June 2026 WAIFEM regional course in Monrovia covered AI-assisted tools for public officials, but no government reskilling programme was confirmed (H4.7). No source was opened on university programmes or school computer science education (H4.3, H4.6), and no labour transition framework was found (H4.8).

See the 10 indicators for Human Capital

P5Innovation & Ecosystem0.20 / 4Nascent

Innovation and Ecosystem scores 0.20 (Nascent), a fellow-assigned value. Desk research in October 2026 found evidence on none of the 10 indicators. It confirmed one absence: the Liberia Standards Authority, established by a 2022 Act and operational in 2024, is an ISO correspondent member, but Liberia is absent from the member lists of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 42 and no artificial intelligence committee was found (N5.8). The other 9 indicators were not determined. No company count could be read (N5.1). Partech's 2025 report implies that Liberia received less than US$50M in tech equity in 2025, with no country figure (N5.2). No regulatory sandbox, safety evaluation facility or risk assessment framework was identified in the sources opened (N5.4, N5.6, N5.9).

See the 10 indicators for Innovation & Ecosystem

P6Ethics & Inclusion0.50 / 4Nascent

Ethics and Inclusion scores 0.50 (Nascent), a fellow-assigned value. Desk research in October 2026 confirmed five absences. GIRAI 2026 records no framework on impact assessments, on fairness and non-discrimination or on transparency and explainability, each with a score of 0 (E6.1, E6.2, E6.3). With no data protection law and no authority, Liberia has no right against automated decisions and no complaint route (E6.4). GIRAI 2026 also scores Liberia 0 on civil society inclusion (E6.8). The research found that Liberia is a member state of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, whose 193 Member States adopted the Recommendation on the Ethics of AI in 2021 (E6.7). A judicial remedy and an advisory body were not determined (E6.5, E6.6).

See the 10 indicators for Ethics & Inclusion

P7Regional Integration0.80 / 4Nascent

Regional Integration scores 0.80 (Nascent), a fellow-assigned value. Desk research in October 2026 found Liberia on the official signatory list of the Africa Declaration on Artificial Intelligence, done at Kigali on 4 April 2025, with no national implementation step citing the Declaration (R7.1, R7.2). It also found one documented election incident: a deepfake video, fact-checked on 24 October 2023 during the presidential run-off period (R7.7). The other indicators were not determined. The Economic Community of West African States Parliament called for a regional legal framework in July 2025, but no Liberia-specific participation was documented (R7.3). Liberia does not appear on the United Nations list of national statements from the Geneva dialogue of 6 to 7 July 2026 (R7.9).

See the 10 indicators for Regional Integration

P8Implementation & Impact0.20 / 4Nascent

Implementation and Impact scores 0.20 (Nascent), a fellow-assigned value. Desk research in October 2026 left all 10 indicators not determined. It found no artificial intelligence governance budget, and an April 2026 report on a youth forum mentions no national policy (M8.1). No monitoring and evaluation report was found, and no national strategy was identified (M8.5). The research found no health regulation (M8.2), no data on approved health devices (M8.3), no government system registry (M8.4) and no agriculture provisions (M8.6). It found no guidance from the Central Bank of Liberia (M8.7) or the education ministry (M8.8), and no documented protective outcome (M8.9).

See the 10 indicators for Implementation & Impact

Indicator evidence

Evidence by pillar

Desk-research evidence for each indicator, with sources. Where an indicator is marked “Not determined”, the research could not establish a finding. The Index method excludes such indicators from scoring rather than scoring them as absent.

P1 · Weight 15% of composite

Strategy & Vision

0.67 / 4Nascent

Fellow-assigned pillar score. Indicators not scored. West Africa mean 1.70 · all 54 states mean 1.76.

10 indicators: 0 evidence found, 0 confirmed absence, 10 not determined.

  1. S1.1

    National AI strategy existence

    Not determined

    No national AI strategy or policy found. A Nov 2025 commentary after a UNDP 'AI in Governance' workshop calls for Liberia to 'develop a national AI strategy'. The MPT's 2025-2029 'Digital Liberia' strategic action plan (Feb 2026) and the Sep 2025 ICT policy review do not mention AI in the coverage reviewed.

    Sources allafrica.com (opens in a new tab)allafrica.com (2) (opens in a new tab)techafricanews.com (opens in a new tab)

  2. S1.2

    Strategy adoption date

    Not determined

    No adoption date; no AI strategy located.

    Sources allafrica.com (opens in a new tab)allafrica.com (2) (opens in a new tab)techafricanews.com (opens in a new tab)

  3. S1.3

    Political commitment signals

    Not determined

    No ministerial or presidential AI-specific statement found. A UNDP-supported MSc in AI at the University of Liberia was under consultation in Sep 2026, which is academic rather than a government directive.

    Sources undp.org (opens in a new tab)allafrica.com (opens in a new tab)

  4. S1.4

    Dedicated AI budget allocation

    Not determined

    No AI budget found.

    Sources allafrica.com (opens in a new tab)allafrica.com (2) (opens in a new tab)techafricanews.com (opens in a new tab)

  5. S1.5

    AU Continental AI Strategy alignment

    Not determined

    No information on AU Continental AI Strategy alignment.

    Sources allafrica.com (opens in a new tab)allafrica.com (2) (opens in a new tab)techafricanews.com (opens in a new tab)

  6. S1.6

    Multi-stakeholder consultation

    Not determined

    No AI strategy consultation found; stakeholder consultations in Sep 2026 concerned a university MSc AI programme.

    Sources undp.org (opens in a new tab)

  7. S1.7

    Sector prioritisation

    Not determined

    No strategy located; sector prioritisation not assessable.

    Sources allafrica.com (opens in a new tab)allafrica.com (2) (opens in a new tab)techafricanews.com (opens in a new tab)

  8. S1.8

    Implementation roadmap

    Not determined

    No strategy located; roadmap not assessable.

    Sources allafrica.com (opens in a new tab)allafrica.com (2) (opens in a new tab)techafricanews.com (opens in a new tab)

  9. S1.9

    Monitoring and evaluation framework

    Not determined

    No strategy located; M&E not assessable.

    Sources allafrica.com (opens in a new tab)allafrica.com (2) (opens in a new tab)techafricanews.com (opens in a new tab)

  10. S1.10

    Strategy review mechanism

    Not determined

    No strategy located; review mechanism not assessable.

    Sources allafrica.com (opens in a new tab)allafrica.com (2) (opens in a new tab)techafricanews.com (opens in a new tab)

P2 · Weight 15% of composite

Governance & Regulation

0.70 / 4Nascent

Fellow-assigned pillar score. Indicators not scored. West Africa mean 1.18 · all 54 states mean 1.32.

10 indicators: 2 evidence found, 3 confirmed absence, 5 not determined.

  1. G2.1

    AI-specific legislation

    Not determined

    No AI-specific bill or law for Liberia was identified in this review.

  2. G2.2

    Data protection law status

    Evidence found

    Draft: Liberia has no data protection law (dataprotection.africa, 28 January 2026). On 10 June 2025 the House of Representatives referred the President's bill 'An Act for the Collection, Processing, Transmission, Storage, Protection, and Use of Personal Information in Liberia' to its Post and Telecommunication Committee; no enactment was found.

    Sources dataprotection.africa (opens in a new tab)liberianobserver.com (opens in a new tab)

  3. G2.3

    DPA AI mandate

    Confirmed absence

    No DPA: dataprotection.africa (28 January 2026) records that Liberia has no data protection law and no data protection authority.

    Sources dataprotection.africa (opens in a new tab)

  4. G2.4

    DPA staffing and budget

    Confirmed absence

    Liberia has no data protection authority (dataprotection.africa, January 2026), so there are no DPA staff or budget figures.

    Sources dataprotection.africa (opens in a new tab)

  5. G2.5

    AI regulatory body existence

    Not determined

    No AI governance body or council for Liberia was located in this review.

  6. G2.6

    Institutional design model

    Not determined

    No regulatory model for AI governance in Liberia was identified in this review.

  7. G2.7

    Malabo Convention ratification

    Confirmed absence

    Not signed: The AU official status list of the Malabo Convention dated 02/02/2026 records no signature, ratification or deposit for Liberia. The Convention entered into force on 8 June 2023; the list counts 21 signatures and 20 ratifications.

    Sources au.int (opens in a new tab)au.int (2) (opens in a new tab)

  8. G2.8

    Enforcement actions taken

    Not determined

    No AI-related enforcement action (investigation, fine or order concerning AI or automated processing) was located in this desk review (October 2026); absence is not confirmed because DPA decision registers were not accessible.

  9. G2.9

    Extraterritorial provisions

    Evidence found

    Under consideration: President Boakai's June 2025 communication says the bill would govern the processing of personal data of any resident in Liberia, the ECOWAS region or beyond, by both data controllers and processors. The bill was under committee review as of June 2025; it is not AI-specific.

    Sources liberianobserver.com (opens in a new tab)

  10. G2.10

    IP framework for AI

    Not determined

    No evidence of a review of intellectual property legislation for AI-generated content was located in this desk review (October 2026); IP-specific searches could not be completed, so absence is not confirmed.

P3 · Weight 15% of composite

Infrastructure & Data

0.30 / 4Nascent

Fellow-assigned pillar score. Indicators not scored. West Africa mean 1.40 · all 54 states mean 1.51.

10 indicators: 3 evidence found, 1 confirmed absence, 6 not determined.

  1. I3.1

    Data center count

    Not determined

    Liberia does not appear among the 43 countries on Data Center Map's Africa directory (accessed 2026-10-06), so the directory lists no facility there. A directory omission does not prove absence, and no other count of commercial data centres was verified in this pass.

    Sources datacentermap.com (opens in a new tab)

  2. I3.2

    Data center capacity (MW)

    Not determined

    No dated, named source publishing total live data centre power capacity (MW) for Liberia was found. Data Center Map's directory does not report MW, and the ResearchAndMarkets Africa portfolio (Mar 2025) does not disclose country breakdowns in its public release.

    Sources datacentermap.com (opens in a new tab)businesswire.com (opens in a new tab)

  3. I3.3

    Submarine cable landing points

    Evidence found

    TeleGeography Submarine Cable Map data (accessed 2026-10-06) lists 1 landing point(s) in Liberia served by at least one in-service international cable (Monrovia), carrying 1 distinct international cable systems: ACE only.

    Sources submarinecablemap.com (opens in a new tab)submarinecablemap.com (2) (opens in a new tab)

  4. I3.4

    International bandwidth (Gbps)

    Not determined

    No dated national international-bandwidth figure for Liberia was verified. ITU DataHub (indicator: international bandwidth usage) returned HTTP 403 and robots-disallowed errors on 2026-10-06, and searches of the regulator and press found no usable national figure in this pass.

  5. I3.5

    Hyperscaler presence

    Confirmed absence

    None: Official region lists checked on 2026-10-06 show no cloud region, availability zone or local/edge zone in Liberia: AWS (Africa region Cape Town only; local zones Johannesburg and Nairobi), Azure (South Africa North/West only), Google Cloud (africa-south1 Johannesburg only), Oracle (Johannesburg and Casablanca live; Kenya coming soon) and Alibaba (no African region). Huawei Cloud's African regions are Johannesburg and Cairo (May 2024), but this rests on press coverage because Huawei's own region page could not be machine-read.

    Sources aws.amazon.com (opens in a new tab)aws.amazon.com (2) (opens in a new tab)learn.microsoft.com (opens in a new tab)

  6. I3.6

    GPU/HPC access

    Not determined

    No source documenting GPU or HPC capacity for AI research in Liberia was opened in this pass. No Liberia system appears on the TOP500 list (June 2026).

    Sources top500.org (opens in a new tab)

  7. I3.7

    Data localisation provisions

    Evidence found

    Sectoral only: DLA Piper (accessed 2026-10-06) reports that Section 9(c) of the Central Bank of Liberia E-Payment Regulation provides that payment systems should be hosted locally, with an exception for offshore hosting if the CBL has unfettered access. Liberia has no general data protection or localisation law.

    Sources dlapiperdataprotection.com (opens in a new tab)

  8. I3.8

    Cross-border data flow framework

    Evidence found

    Regional framework: Liberia has no national law on transfers. DLA Piper (accessed 2026-10-06) reports that Article 36 of the ECOWAS Supplementary Act on Personal Data Protection is relied on as a secondary source of law, restricting transfers to non-ECOWAS countries without adequate protection and requiring prior notification to the Liberia Telecommunications Authority. dataprotection.africa (updated 28 Jan 2026) lists the ECOWAS Act as signed and a data protection bill under consideration in 2025.

    Sources dlapiperdataprotection.com (opens in a new tab)dataprotection.africa (opens in a new tab)

  9. I3.9

    Foreign AI surveillance spending

    Not determined

    Liberia is not among the 11 countries mapped in IDS/ADRN's Smart City Surveillance in Africa (March 2026), and no other dated source documenting a contract value for foreign AI-enabled surveillance in Liberia was opened in this pass.

    Sources ids.ac.uk (opens in a new tab)

  10. I3.10

    Sovereign cloud initiatives

    Not determined

    No source documenting a national sovereign cloud or government domestic computing initiative in Liberia was opened in this pass.

P4 · Weight 15% of composite

Human Capital

0.30 / 4Nascent

Fellow-assigned pillar score. Indicators not scored. West Africa mean 1.14 · all 54 states mean 1.20.

10 indicators: 2 evidence found, 0 confirmed absence, 8 not determined.

  1. H4.1

    AI researchers per million

    Not determined

    No consistent cross-country source of AI-specific researchers per million was found or could be queried for this country as of Oct 2026 (the planned OpenAlex author query was blocked by an API rate limit on 2026-10-06). Context only: the World Bank/UNESCO UIS indicator SP.POP.SCIE.RD.P6 (total R&D researchers per million, all fields) has no value for this country for 2010-2025.

    Sources api.worldbank.org (opens in a new tab)

  2. H4.2

    DPA staff with AI competency

    Not determined

    No published source was found on the number of data protection authority staff with demonstrable AI technical skills as of Oct 2026; DPA annual reports were not located within the research budget of this pass.

  3. H4.3

    University AI programs

    Not determined

    No source counting universities with AI/ML degree programmes was opened for this country in this pass (Oct 2026); a national higher-education programme register or course-page review is needed.

  4. H4.4

    African-authored AI publications

    Evidence found

    CSET Country Activity Tracker (Merged Academic Corpus) via Our World in Data, series 'AI scholarly publications - Field: All', entity Liberia (LBR), reference year 2024: 6 publications (2023: 3). Counts articles with at least one author at an institution in the country, English title/abstract only; dataset last updated 27 Apr 2026. OpenAlex could not be used because the API was rate-limited on 2026-10-06.

    Data note: CSET/OWID AI publications 2022–24: 11, 3, 6.

    Sources ourworldindata.org (opens in a new tab)ourworldindata.org (2) (opens in a new tab)

  5. H4.5

    AI patents filed

    Not determined

    No country-level count of AI-related domestic patent filings was retrieved as of Oct 2026. WIPO IP Statistics and national IP office data were not accessible in this pass, and no published AI-patent figure for this country was found.

  6. H4.6

    K-12 CS education

    Not determined

    No authoritative source on the status of K-12 computer science education was opened for this country in this pass (Oct 2026).

  7. H4.7

    AI workforce training programs

    Not determined

    A June 2026 WAIFEM regional course in Monrovia on report writing included AI-assisted tools for public officials. This is a regional institute course rather than a national programme, and no government AI reskilling programme was confirmed in sources opened.

    Sources allafrica.com (opens in a new tab)

  8. H4.8

    Labour transition policy

    Not determined

    No government framework on AI and labour-market transition (adopted, draft or under discussion) was found for this country in the sources opened in this pass (Oct 2026).

  9. H4.9

    Informal economy AI assessment

    Not determined

    No government assessment of AI's impact on the informal economy was found for this country in the sources opened in this pass (Oct 2026).

  10. H4.10

    African language NLP coverage

    Evidence found

    Count of domestic non-European languages in Meta NLLB-200/FLORES-200 or Google Translate (Cloud Translation list accessed Oct 2026; Jun 2024 expansion), mapped by the researcher. Supported: None of Liberia's main indigenous languages (Kpelle, Bassa, Grebo, Vai, Kru, Loma, Mano, Gola, Kissi) or Liberian Kreyol appear in NLLB-200 or the Google Translate list checked.

    Sources raw.githubusercontent.com (opens in a new tab)cloud.google.com (opens in a new tab)blog.google (opens in a new tab)

P5 · Weight 10% of composite

Innovation & Ecosystem

0.20 / 4Nascent

Fellow-assigned pillar score. Indicators not scored. West Africa mean 1.04 · all 54 states mean 1.05.

10 indicators: 0 evidence found, 1 confirmed absence, 9 not determined.

  1. N5.1

    AI companies count

    Not determined

    TechBehemoths AI-services page for this country returned HTTP 403 when opened in Oct 2026 (likely no AI category page), so no count could be read; no alternative consistent directory count was obtained.

    Sources techbehemoths.com (opens in a new tab)

  2. N5.2

    Private AI investment (USD)

    Not determined

    Partech's 2025 report (22 Jan 2026) states that outside the top four markets only Senegal, Morocco and Ghana exceeded US$50M in tech equity, so Liberia received less than US$50M in 2025; no country figure and no AI-specific investment figure was found.

    Sources partechpartners.com (opens in a new tab)

  3. N5.3

    AI incubators/accelerators

    Not determined

    No AI-focused incubator or accelerator count established from an opened source in this pass (general tech hubs not counted).

  4. N5.4

    Regulatory sandbox (AI)

    Not determined

    No fintech or other regulatory sandbox for this country appears in the Open Bank Project Africa sandbox list (updated to early 2026). No AI-specific sandbox was identified; the Datasphere Initiative 2025 inventory found AI-specific sandboxes in Africa still nascent.

    Sources openbankproject.com (opens in a new tab)thedatasphere.org (opens in a new tab)

  5. N5.5

    Government AI procurement

    Not determined

    No evidence located on government procurement of AI from domestic developers (no AI-specific procurement rule or preference policy found in sources opened).

  6. N5.6

    AI safety evaluation capacity

    Not determined

    No AI safety testing or evaluation facility (academic, government or accredited) identified in sources opened.

  7. N5.7

    ISO/IEC 42001 adoption

    Not determined

    No ISO/IEC 42001 certification of an organisation based in this country and no national adoption of the standard was found (searches Oct 2026); the national standards body is not a member of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 42, the committee that publishes ISO/IEC 42001.

    Sources iso.org (opens in a new tab)

  8. N5.8

    Standards body AI competency

    Confirmed absence

    Exists, no AI focus: Liberia Standards Authority (LiSA, est. by 2022 Act, operational 2024, ISO correspondent member; quality lab commissioned 19 Feb 2026) exists, but Liberia is absent from the ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 42 P and O member lists (Oct 2026); no AI committee found.

    Sources iso.org (opens in a new tab)iso.org (2) (opens in a new tab)emansion.gov.lr (opens in a new tab)

  9. N5.9

    AI risk assessment frameworks

    Not determined

    No sector-specific or cross-sector AI risk assessment framework identified in sources opened.

  10. N5.10

    University-industry AI partnerships

    Not determined

    No formal university-industry AI research partnership identified in sources opened.

P6 · Weight 10% of composite

Ethics & Inclusion

0.50 / 4Nascent

Fellow-assigned pillar score. Indicators not scored. West Africa mean 1.21 · all 54 states mean 1.26.

10 indicators: 1 evidence found, 5 confirmed absence, 4 not determined.

  1. E6.1

    Algorithmic impact assessment

    Confirmed absence

    None: GIRAI 2026 records no framework or initiative on AI impact assessments for Liberia (score 0), and dataprotection.africa (Jan 2026) confirms there is no data protection law, so no DPIA duty exists. No national AI policy has been adopted as of Oct 2026.

    Sources global-index.ai (opens in a new tab)dataprotection.africa (opens in a new tab)

  2. E6.2

    Bias audit requirements

    Confirmed absence

    None: GIRAI 2026 records no framework or initiative on fairness and non-discrimination for Liberia (indicator score 0), and no AI-specific law requiring bias audits was found as of Oct 2026.

    Sources global-index.ai (opens in a new tab)

  3. E6.3

    Transparency obligations

    Confirmed absence

    None: GIRAI 2026 records no transparency and explainability framework or initiative for Liberia (score 0), and dataprotection.africa (Jan 2026) confirms there is no data protection law providing automated-decision safeguards.

    Sources global-index.ai (opens in a new tab)dataprotection.africa (opens in a new tab)

  4. E6.4

    Citizen redress mechanism

    Confirmed absence

    No mechanism: dataprotection.africa (updated 28 Jan 2026) records that Liberia has no data protection law and no data protection authority, hence no right against automated decisions or DPA complaint route; no AI-specific complaint channel was found as of Oct 2026.

    Sources dataprotection.africa (opens in a new tab)

  5. E6.5

    Judicial AI remedy

    Not determined

    No court case on algorithms, AI or solely automated decisions was found for Liberia in sources opened as of Oct 2026 (data protection trackers, GIRAI 2026 access-to-redress indicator); ordinary courts have general jurisdiction, but the absence of precedent is not confirmed by an authoritative source.

    Sources dataprotection.africa (opens in a new tab)global-index.ai (opens in a new tab)

  6. E6.6

    AI advisory body diversity

    Not determined

    No national AI advisory body for Liberia was located in sources opened as of Oct 2026, so composition and diversity cannot be assessed; absence is not confirmed by an authoritative source.

    Sources global-index.ai (opens in a new tab)

  7. E6.7

    Global AI governance participation

    Evidence found

    Observer: Liberia is a UNESCO Member State; the Recommendation on the Ethics of AI was adopted unanimously by all 193 Member States in 2021 (as restated in Sep 2025 reporting). Liberia is not on the Paris AI Action Summit statement (11 Feb 2025), the initial New Delhi AI Impact Summit Declaration endorser list (20 Feb 2026) or the OECD.AI GPAI member list, and no completed UNESCO RAM was found in sources opened as of Oct 2026.

    Sources middleeastainews.com (opens in a new tab)elysee.fr (opens in a new tab)digitalpolicyalert.org (opens in a new tab)

  8. E6.8

    Civil society AI engagement

    Confirmed absence

    None: GIRAI 2026 scores Liberia 0 on government mechanisms for civil society inclusion in AI policy and governance and on its civil-society-engagement indicators. No formal or ad hoc civil society consultation by government on AI was found in sources opened as of Oct 2026.

    Sources global-index.ai (opens in a new tab)

  9. E6.9

    African ethical framework reference

    Not determined

    No reference to Ubuntu or African ethical principles was found in AI governance material for Liberia opened as of Oct 2026; no adopted national AI document was searched in full, so absence is not confirmed.

    Sources global-index.ai (opens in a new tab)

  10. E6.10

    Youth participation

    Not determined

    A Youth Advisory Council to the President exists; its chair warned on 22 Apr 2026 that Liberia risks falling behind on AI and urged more youth participation in international policy spaces (FrontPage Africa). Liberia has no national AI policy, so no AI-specific youth mechanism was found.

    Sources frontpageafricaonline.com (opens in a new tab)

P7 · Weight 10% of composite

Regional Integration

0.80 / 4Nascent

Fellow-assigned pillar score. Indicators not scored. West Africa mean 1.66 · all 54 states mean 1.55.

10 indicators: 3 evidence found, 0 confirmed absence, 7 not determined.

  1. R7.1

    AU AI Strategy alignment

    Evidence found

    Awareness: Liberia is a signatory of the Africa Declaration on AI (Kigali, 4 April 2025), which in clause 3.6.1 commits signatories to support national AI policies and governance frameworks aligned with the AU Continental AI Strategy; no country-specific formal alignment process was found in sources opened as of Oct 2026.

    Sources c4ir.rw (opens in a new tab)

  2. R7.2

    Kigali Declaration endorsement

    Evidence found

    Endorsed: Liberia appears on the official signatory list of the Africa Declaration on Artificial Intelligence, done at Kigali on 4 April 2025 (C4IR Rwanda PDF created 5 April 2025; list of AU, Smart Africa and 52 states). No evidence of a national implementation step specifically citing the Declaration was found as of Oct 2026.

    Sources c4ir.rw (opens in a new tab)aiexpoafrica.com (opens in a new tab)

  3. R7.3

    REC AI governance coordination

    Not determined

    Liberia is a member of ECOWAS (founding 1975), CEN-SAD (2004) and the Mano River Union. The ECOWAS Parliament called for a regional AI legal framework in July 2025 (proposal stage), but no Liberia-specific participation in REC-level AI coordination was documented in sources opened.

    Sources en.wikipedia.org (opens in a new tab)gazettengr.com (opens in a new tab)

  4. R7.4

    Cross-border AI agreements

    Not determined

    No bilateral or multilateral AI governance cooperation agreement involving Liberia was found in sources opened as of Oct 2026; non-binding declarations (Kigali 2025 and, where applicable, Paris 2025 or New Delhi 2026) are recorded under R7.2 and R7.10.

  5. R7.5

    Election integrity AI provisions

    Not determined

    No legal or institutional provision addressing AI in elections was found for Liberia in sources opened as of Oct 2026.

  6. R7.6

    Disinformation response framework

    Not determined

    No government framework for responding to AI-generated disinformation was found for Liberia in sources opened as of Oct 2026.

  7. R7.7

    AI election incidents documented

    Evidence found

    One documented incident: a deepfake video (fact-checked 24 Oct 2023, during the 2023 presidential run-off period) falsely claimed the US would sanction Unity Party officials and that candidate Joseph Boakai worked with Russians; detection software rated it 99% likely AI-generated. A Dec 2023 regional review of West African election disinformation found no other AI cases for Liberia.

    Sources localvoicesliberia.com (opens in a new tab)dubawa.org (opens in a new tab)

  8. R7.8

    Platform content moderation

    Not determined

    No government engagement with platforms on AI content moderation was found for Liberia in sources opened as of Oct 2026.

  9. R7.9

    Geneva Dialogue participation

    Not determined

    Liberia does not appear on the UN list of national statements from the inaugural Global Dialogue on AI Governance (Geneva, 6-7 July 2026). No statement does not prove non-attendance, since the Dialogue is open to all Member States, so participation is not determined.

    Sources un.org (opens in a new tab)un.org (2) (opens in a new tab)

  10. R7.10

    G20/multilateral AI engagement

    Not determined

    Liberia is not on the Paris AI Action Summit statement signatory list (Feb 2025), the initial New Delhi AI Impact Summit Declaration endorser list (87 states, 20 Feb 2026; later joiners not fully listed) or the G20 Johannesburg 2025 invited-states list. No other multilateral AI initiative participation was found.

    Sources elysee.fr (opens in a new tab)digitalpolicyalert.org (opens in a new tab)en.wikipedia.org (opens in a new tab)

P8 · Weight 10% of composite

Implementation & Impact

0.20 / 4Nascent

Fellow-assigned pillar score. Indicators not scored. West Africa mean 0.63 · all 54 states mean 0.78.

10 indicators: 0 evidence found, 0 confirmed absence, 10 not determined.

  1. M8.1

    AI governance budget disbursed

    Not determined

    No AI governance budget was found. An April 2026 report on a youth AI forum mentions no national AI policy and urges investment in digital literacy and infrastructure.

    Sources frontpageafricaonline.com (opens in a new tab)

  2. M8.2

    Health AI regulation

    Not determined

    No health AI regulation was found.

  3. M8.3

    Health AI devices approved

    Not determined

    No data was found on approved AI health devices.

  4. M8.4

    Government AI system registry

    Not determined

    No government AI registry was found.

  5. M8.5

    AI governance M&E reports

    Not determined

    No AI governance M&E report was found; no national AI strategy was identified (Apr 2026 reporting mentions none).

    Sources frontpageafricaonline.com (opens in a new tab)

  6. M8.6

    Agriculture AI governance

    Not determined

    No agriculture AI provisions were found.

  7. M8.7

    Financial services AI governance

    Not determined

    No Central Bank of Liberia AI guidance was found.

  8. M8.8

    Education AI governance

    Not determined

    No education-ministry AI guidance was found.

  9. M8.9

    Measurable governance outcomes

    Not determined

    No documented protective outcome was found.

  10. M8.10

    WHO AI health guidance adoption

    Not determined

    No country-specific adoption was found. WHO AFRO AI-for-health ethics workshops (2021, 47 countries; July 2023) do not list participants.

    Sources afro.who.int (opens in a new tab)

Method

What is the Africa AI Governance Index?

The Africa AI Governance Index 2026 assesses 8 pillars of national AI governance. Each pillar is examined through 10 indicators. The Index is diagnostic. It measures formal governance instruments, not capability. Composite differences under about 0.1 are not meaningful.

Indicator score key

Indicator score key, 0 to 4
ScoreDefinition
0 No evidenceNo policy, institution, or activity. Confirmed absence.
1 NascentInitial discussion, concept note, informal working group.
2 DevelopingDraft policy, institution forming, pilot, or formal consultation.
3 EstablishedAdopted policy or operational institution; limited enforcement.
4 AdvancedFully operational with enforcement and measurable outcomes.

Maturity tiers

Applied to pillar and composite means.

Maturity tiers by score range
TierMean score
NascentBelow 1.00
Emerging1.00 to 1.99
Developing2.00 to 2.99
Established3.00 and above

How scores are built

A pillar score is the mean of the scored indicators in that pillar. Confirmed absence scores 0. An indicator where nothing could be determined is excluded from the pillar mean and reported as not scored. A score with no supporting evidence is excluded.

The composite is 15% of each of pillars P1 to P4 plus 10% of each of pillars P5 to P8, on a scale of 0 to 4. In other words, P1, P2, P3, P4 carry 15% each and P5, P6, P7, P8 carry 10% each.

Source: Africa AI Governance Index 2026 Final Dataset, 54 countries, built 6 October 2026. Lawyers Hub, Africa AI Policy Lab. Version 1.2, 7 October 2026.

Suggested citation

Lawyers Hub, Africa AI Policy Lab (2026). Country Profile on AI Governance: Liberia. Africa AI Governance Index 2026, version 1.2, 7 October 2026. https://www.aipolicy.africa/country-profiles/liberia